No48
6万吨/年油泥沙處理綜合利用項目
一、項目主要內容
（一）項目名稱：6万吨/年油泥沙處理綜合利用項目
（二）項目內容：胜利油田的含油污泥主要來源于以下几個方面：接轉站、聯合站的油罐、沉降罐、污水罐、隔油池的底泥，煉厂含油污水處理設施、輕烴加工厂，天然气淨化裝置清除出來的油砂、油泥，鑽井、作業、管線穿孔而產生的落地原油及含油污泥。含油污泥的組成主要是油、泥和水，給環境造成危害的是油。 根据石油企業固体廢棄物的特點，油泥(沙)既是生產中的廢物，又是可貴的二次資源，如果對這些油泥(沙)進行有組織的收集，并開發研究出适當的方法工藝將其回收利用(如回收其中的原油)，那么不僅會回收大量的能源和減輕污染，而且會產生很大的經濟效益。因此，擬建設6万吨/年油泥沙處理綜合利用項目。
二、項目提出的依据及必要性
含油污泥是在石油開采、運輸、煉制及含油污水處理過程中產生的含油固体廢物。含油污泥体積龐大，若不加以處理直接排放，不但占用大量耕地，而且對周圍土壤、水体、空气都將造成污染，伴有惡臭气体產生，而且對周圍土壤、水体、空气都將造成污染，伴有惡臭气体產生，污泥含有大量的病原菌、寄生虫（卵）、銅、鋅、鉻、汞等重金屬，鹽類以及多氯聯苯、二惡英、放射性核素等難降解的有毒有害物質。含油污泥若不加以處理，不僅污染環境，而且造成資源的浪費﹛G𦹅臀勰嗟拇 硪恢筆搶 龐吞 囊淮竽煙狻＜�黟G耍坃霉叠灸饌蹲噬嫌湍嗌炒 磣酆俠耯孟 浚㕡喚黿檔禿𦹅臀勰嘍曰肪車撓跋歟壻烕一鼓蓯褂汀⑸潮浞銜杄Α�
三、市場前景分析
含油污泥中一般含油率在10-50%，含水率在40-90%。我國石油化學行業中，平均每年產生的含油污泥量比較大，大約為80万吨罐底泥、池底泥。經污染源調查知，油田各接轉站、聯合站每年清沙量約在15万吨左右，再加上落地原油回收后剩余的油泥，全油田每年至少產生30万吨的油泥（沙）。對這些油泥(沙)的分析化驗結果表明，其含油量在10%-30%(干重)之間，含水量在50-90%之間，按平均含油量以20%(干重)計，每年約有4万吨原油沉積在油泥(沙)中，造成巨大的資源浪費和嚴重的環境污染。含油污泥的來源主要有以下几种途徑：一是原油開采產生含油污泥。原油開采過程中產生的含油污泥主要來源于地面處理系統，采油污水處理過程中產生的含油污泥，再加上污水淨化處理中投加的淨水劑形成的絮体、設備及管道腐蝕產物和垢物、細菌(尸体)等組成了含油污泥。此种含油污泥一般具有含油量高、粘度大、顆粒細、脫水難等特點,它不僅影響外輸原油質量,還導致注水水質和外排污水難以達標。二是油田集輸過程產生含油污泥。胜利油田含油污泥的主要來源于接轉站、聯合站的油罐、沉降罐、污水罐、隔油池底泥、煉厂含油水處理設施、輕烴加工厂、天然气淨化裝置清除出來的油沙、油泥，鑽井、作業、管線穿孔而產生的落地原油及含油污泥。油品儲罐在儲存油品時，油品中的少量机械雜質、沙粒、泥土、重金屬鹽類以及石蜡和瀝青質等重油性組分沉積在油罐底部，形成罐底油泥。在3-6年的油罐定期清洗中，罐底含油污泥量約占罐容的1%左右。罐底含油污泥的特點是碳氫化合物（油）含量极高。据調查測試發現，油罐底泥中大約25%為水，5%的無机沉淀物如泥沙，70%左右為碳氫化合物，其中瀝青質占7.8%，石蜡占6%，污泥灰分含量4.8%。三是煉油厂污水處理場產生的含油污泥。煉油厂污水處理場的含油污泥主要來源于隔油池底泥、浮選池浮渣、原油罐底泥等，俗稱“三泥”，這些含油污泥組成各异，通常含油率在10％-50％之間，含水率在40％-90％之間，同時伴有一定量的固体。
綜上所述，進行油泥沙處理綜合利用項目建設的前景比較看好。
四、建設規模及產品方案
建設規模及產品方案：該項目建設規模為6万吨油泥砂綜合處理裝置。項目建成后，年產加气混凝土10万立方米、油砂綜合插@�6万吨。
五、技術方案及設備方案
（一）技術方案。該項目采用熱水預洗滌+溶劑萃取+机械分离的清洗路線，能有效改變目前處理方法的不足，使油、砂變廢為寶，實現循環、節能、環保的目的。該項目不僅有效處理油砂，回收污油，且利用處理后砂生產建材產品，綜合經濟效益顯著。
（二）設備方案。該項目主要生產設備為臥螺机、旋液分离器、碟片式分离机等設備。
六、項目投資概算
該項目計划總投資5000万元，其中固定資產投資3821万元，流動資金1179万元。
七、經濟效益分析
該項目完工投產后，年產加气混凝土10万立方米、油砂綜合處理6万吨，年實現銷售收入5000万元，利稅800万元，投資利稅率16%。
Recommendation for 60 thousand tons per year oil-bearing mud utilization project
ⅠMain contention
Name: 60 thousand tons per year oil-bearing mud utilization project
Background
The oil-bearing mud in Shengli oilfield comes from the following: oilcan, clarifying tank, sewage can in transfer station and multi-purpose station oil-bearing sewage treatment facilities; oil sand, oil mud from light hydrocarbon processing factory and natural gas purifying plants; oil-bearing mud form the pipe and artesian well. Main contents of the oil-bearing mud are oil, mud and water. According to the characters of the soil waste in petrol factories, oil mud is not only the waste in the production process but valuable secondary energy. If it gets gathered organized and reclaimed with suitable method, much pollution will be avoided and great value will be created. So it will be advisable to construct 60 thousand tons per year oil-bearing mud utilization project.
Ⅱ Background of the project
The oil-bearing mud is a kind of oil-bearing soil waste produced during oil production, transportation, refining as well as the treatments of the oil-bearing waste water. The cubic of the oil-bearing mud is so huge that it might not only occupy much land but cause pollution to around soil, water and air if it fails to get treatments in time. The treatment of the oil-bearing mud has been a question for a long time. Taking it into consideration, the company plans to put investment into treatment and multiple utilization project of the oil-bearing mud. It can not only less the pollution but turn the oil and mud into valuable energy.
Ⅲ Market prospect
The oil in the oil-bearing mud is usually 10%-50% and water 40%-90%. In the domestic petrifaction plant, much oil-bearing mud is produced per year. According to statistic data, more than 300 thousand tons oil-bearing mud is produced all over the oil filed including 150 thousand tons of transfer stations and multi-purpose stations as well as the remaining oil-bearing mud after the reclaim of the raw petrol. The result of the analysis examination shoes that oil content ranges from 10%-30% and water content 50%-90%. Supposing average oil content of 20%, about 40 thousand tons raw petrol is deposited in the oil-bearing mud, causing great waste of resources and environment pollution. The oil-bearing mud mainly comes from several sources: The first is the exploit of the raw petrol. The oil-bearing mud produced during the exploit of petrol comes from the ground treatment system and the waste water treatments of oil extraction. The second is the oil transportation. The third is waste water treatment plant. The common oil content in the oil-bearing mud from there is about 10%-50% and water content 40%-90% accompanied by some solid.
To sum up, the prospect of the treatment and multiple utilization project of the oil-bearing mud will be bright.
Ⅳ Construction scale and product plan
The scale of the project is 60 thousand tons per year comprehensive treatment settlement. As the operation of the project, annual air-entrained concrete and oil mud after treatments will be 100 thousand cubic meter and 60 thousand tons respectively.
Ⅴ Total investments
The total investment of the project is plans to 50 million RMB including fixed assets 38.21 million RMB and current funds 11.79 million RMB.
Ⅵ Analysis of the economic benefits
As the operation of the project, annual air-entrained concrete and oil mud after treatments will be 100 thousand cubic meter and 60 thousand tons respectively. Annual revenue sales of 50 million RMB and profits of 8 million RMB are expected to realize.
